Role of low-density lipoprotein receptor rs5925 (1959C>T) gene polymorphism in pathogenesis of dyslipidemia among Egyptian lupus nephritis patients
Yumn A. Alsabbagh1
, Saher A. Ahmed1, Heba E. Salama2, Mai A. Abd-Elmawla3, Hala L. Elgendy1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
2Department of Nephrology, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Keywords: Dyslipidemia, gene polymorphism, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lupus, nephritis.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) rs5925 genetic variants and to evaluate their relationship with plasma lipid and kidney functions in lupus nephritis patients.
Patients and methods: Between September 2020 and June 2021, a total of 100 lupus nephritis patients (8 males, 92 females; mean age: 31.1±1.1 years; range, 20 to 67 years) and a total of 100 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (10 males, 90 females; mean age: 35.8±2.8 years; range, 21 to 65 years) were included. The gene polymorphism rs5925 (LDLR) was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP). Lipid profile and kidney functions were measured.
Results: Regarding rs5925 (LDLR), C allele was significantly higher among lupus nephritis patients (60%) compared to the control group (45%). While T allele was significantly lower in lupus nephritis patients (40%), compared to the control group (p=0.003). The plasma level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower in lupus nephritis patients with TT and CT genotypes, compared to those with CC genotype. Moreover, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio were significantly lower in patients with TT genotype, compared to the patients with CC genotype. There was a strong and clear association between patients with renal biopsies grades III & IV & V and LDLR C allele (p=0.01, p=0.003, and p=0.004, respectively).
Conclusion: C allele is the significantly prevailed LDLR C1959T variant among lupus nephritis patients. Moreover, LDL-R genetic variant may be one of the non-immunological mechanisms implicated in the disturbed lipid profile among lupus nephritis patients. Profound dyslipidemia may partly underscore the deterioration of kidney function among lupus nephritis patients.
Citation: Alsabbagh YA, Ahmed SA, Salama HE, Abd-Elmawla MA, Elgendy HL.Role of low-density lipoprotein receptor rs5925 (1959C>T) gene polymorphism in pathogenesis of dyslipidemia among Egyptian lupus nephritis patients. Arch Rheumatol 2022;37(4):584-592.
The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee for Clinical Studies of Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine (no: MD-196-2020). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
A written informed consent was obtained from each participant.
Data Sharing Statement:
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Study conception, material preparation, writing: Y.A.A.; Study conception and design: S.A.A.; Study conception and design, material preparation: H.E.S.; Data collection and analysis, writing: M.A.A.E.; Data collection and analysis, writing: H.L.E.
The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.
The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.